Resist, comply or workaround? An examination of different facets of user engagement with information systems

This paper provides a summary of studies of user resistance to Information Technology (IT) and identifies workaround activity as an understudied and distinct, but related, phenomenon. Previous categorizations of resistance have largely failed to address the relationships between the motivations for divergences from procedure and the associated workaround activity. This paper develops a composite model of resistance/workaround derived from two case study sites. We find four key antecedent conditions derived from both positive and negative resistance rationales and identify associations and links to various resultant workaround behaviours and provide supporting Chains of Evidence from two case studies

Proposing a theoretical framework to investigate the relationships between an organization and its environment

ABSTRACT: This paper proposes a theoretical framework for investigating stakeholder theory in organizations. The organizations theory can be understood in three theoretical models: rationalist, natural and open systems. These models are presented to justify that organizations should be analyzed taking into account that social system aspects and the natural and open system models are employed. The applications of this paper rely upon the theoretical framework which is based on an extensive literature review comprising environment based theories. This paper would be of help to researchers examining the whole set of the relationship of organizations with their environment instead of only the relationships with external agents. Employing the theoretical basis presented in this analysis, the researcher will be able to identify both feasible theoretical sources for his/her studies and useful approaches for carrying on his/her investigations. The paper presents theories for explaining the organization's behavior and performance as being influenced by stakeholders who inhabit its environment. Resource dependence and institutional theory are employed to give theoretical support to the stakeholder. At the end of the paper, a diagram representing the theoretical framework is presented. _______________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOEste trabalho propõe um modelo teórico de investigação da teoria dos stakeholder nas organizações. A teoria das organizações é modernamente dividida em modelos racionais, naturais e de sistema aberto. Neste artigo é apresentada uma classificação, que combina os três modelos citados justificando que, dadas as especificidades das organizações como sistema social, para se analisar o comportamento de uma organização é necessário que ela seja entendida nos aspectos natural e de sistema aberto. As aplicações deste artigo residem na utilização de um referencial teórico que é baseado em uma extensa revisão de literatura focada em teorias que buscam explicar o relacionamento organizações-ambiente. Desta forma, o artigo poderia ajudar os pesquisadores que estão envolvidos em desenvolver teorias que tenham como objetivo entender o comportamento das organizações ao serem influenciadas por seus ambientes e, também, explicar o relacionamento destas com agentes externos. As teorias de dependência de recursos e institucional são utilizadas para proporcionar maior suporte teórico à teoria dos stakeholder. No final do trabalho será apresentado um diagrama representando o modelo teórico que possibilita a investigação cientifica do comportamento das organizações frente a influências do meio em que vive